База данных динозавров:
Общее количество образцов: 1365| name | Pachycephalosaurus (Пахицефалозавр) |
| period | Cretaceous (Меловой период) |
| period_mya | 66 |
| date_from | Campanian Age (Кампанский ярус) |
| date_to | Maastrichtian Age (Маастрихтский ярус) |
| date_from2 | 83.6 |
| date_to2 | 66 |
| lived_in | a terrestrial habitat (наземная среда обитания) |
| was_a | herbivore (травоядные) |
| reproduced_by | laying eggs (откладывание яиц) |
| url | https://dinosaurpictures.org/Pachycephalosaurus-pictures |
| description | Pachycephalosaurus is a bipedal ornithischian, most recognizable for the bowl-like crown that tops its ultra-thick skull. They were around 15 feet long from head to tail, and stood about 4 feet high at the shoulder. They were active in North America during the late Cretaceous Period, in what is now the upper midwest United States.It was once thought that Pachycephalosaurus would ram each other head on with their skull plates as they competed for mates and territory. Further research showed that this would have been highly destructive and that their physiology didn’t adequately protect them from this kind of behavior. Although it is still thought that they used their thick skulls as a weapon, it is now believed that they most likely attacked to the side, rather than ramming targets head-on. |
| articles | C. W. Gilmore. 1931. A new species of troödont dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 79(9):1-6 W. P. Wall and P. M. Galton. 1979. Notes on pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from North America, with comments on their status as ornithopods. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 16:1176-1186 L. S. Russell. 1983. Evidence for an unconformity at the Scollard-Battle contact, Upper Cretaceous strata, Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 20(8):1219-1231 M. B. Goodwin and R. E. Johnson. 1995. A new skull of the pachycephalosaur Stygimoloch casts doubt on head butting behavior. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(3, suppl.):32A M. B. Goodwin and E. A. Buccholtz. 1998. Cranial anatomy and diagnosis of Stygimoloch spinifer (Ornithischia: Pachycephalosauria) with comments on cranial display structures in agonistic behavior. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(2):363-375 T. S. Kelly. 2014. Preliminary report on the mammals form Lane's Little Jaw Site Quarry: a latest Cretaceous (earliest Puercan?) local fauna, Hell Creek Formation, southeastern Montana. Paludicola 10(1):50-91 D. C. Evans and D. W. Larson. 2014. A new dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) with Asian affinities from the latest Cretaceous of North America. Naturwissenshaften R. T. Bakker and R. M. Sullivan. 2006. Dracorex hogwartsia, n. gen., n. sp., a spiked, flat-headed pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation of South Dakota. In S. G. Lucas and R. M. Sullivan (eds.), Late Cretaceous Vertebrates from the Western Interior. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35:331-345 Anonymous. 1923. Palaeontology. Annual Report of the Colorado Museum of Natural History for the Year 1922 H. F. Osborn. 1909. Extinct mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes. Fortieth Annual Report of the American Museum of Natural History for the Year 1908 W. A. Clemens. 1964. Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Part I. Introduction and Marsupialia. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 48:1-105 E. B. Giffin and D. L. Gabriel. 1988. A new pachycephalosaurid skull (Ornithischia) from the Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation of Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7(4):398-407 M. B. Goodwin. 1989. New occurrences of pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs from the Hell Creek Formation, Garfield County, Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9(3, suppl.):23A J. Leidy. 1872. Remarks on some extinct vertebrates. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 24(1):38-40 T. E. Williamson and T. D. Carr. 2009. Early ontogeny of pachycephalosaurine squamosals as revealed by juvenile specimens from the Hell Creek Formation, eastern Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(1):291-294 K. Carpenter and D. B. Young. 2002. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Denver Basin, Colorado. Rocky Mountain Geology 37(2):237-254 B. Brown and E. M. Schlaikjer. 1943. A study of the troödont dinosaurs with the description of a new genus and four new species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 82(5):115-150 J. D. Archibald. 1982. A study of Mammalia and geology across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Garfield County, Montana. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 122:1-286 D. C. Evans and M. J. Vavrek. 2015. Pachycephalosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) cranial remains from the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Scollard Formation of Alberta, Canada. Paleobiodiversity and Paleoenvironments J. R. Hutchinson and L. M. Chiappe. 1998. The first known alvarezsaurid (Theropoda: Aves) from North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(3):447-450 E. B. Giffin. 1989. Notes on pachycephalosaurs (Ornithischia). Journal of Paleontology 63(4):525-529 P. M. Galton and H.-D. Sues. 1983. New data on pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from North America. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 20(3):462-472 O. C. Marsh. 1896. The dinosaurs of North America. United States Geological Survey, 16th Annual Report, 1894-95 55:133-244 J. J. Eberle and J. A. Lillegraven. 1998. A new important record of earliest Cenozoic mammalian history: geologic setting, Multituberculata, and Peradectia. Rocky Mountain Geology 33(1):3-47 |
| trophic_level | herbivore (травоядные) |
| habitat | terrestrial habitat (наземные среды обитания) |
| motility | actively mobile (подвижный) |
| points | 47.6958 -106.228, 41.8 -107, 47.6 -106.383, 52.3284 -113.125, 43.1163 -104.637, 47.6333 -107.383, 47.8767 -106.198, 45.7552 -104.953, 45.6683 -101.481, 46.3485 -103.898, 47.6667 -106.367, 47.5333 -106.917, 45.85 -104.833, 47.9639 -106.456, 39.8367 -105.037, 43.1515 -104.622, 47.6667 -106.3, 45.0962 -102.091, 50.7413 -111.576, 43.4418 -104.412, 43.1578 -104.553, 43.3844 -104.471, 45.7657 -104.832, 45.7879 -104.773, 45.1037 -104.917, 47.0531 -107.35, 45.7699 -104.932, 51.9533 -112.935, 45.6783 -105.079, |
